Drug biomembrane interaction studies

• Author : A. Fortunato
• Publisher : Elsevier Inc. Chapters
• Release : 31 October 2013

In DSC, the heat flow in and out of a sample and a reference material is measured as a function of temperature as the sample is heated, cooled, or held isothermally at constant temperature. The measurement signal is the energy absorbed or released by the sample in milliwatts. DSC can detect endothermic and exothermic effects, determine peak areas (transition and reaction enthalpies), determine temperatures that characterize a peak or other effects, and measure specific heat capacity. Since the end of

• Author : S. Giatrellis,G. Nounesis
• Publisher : Elsevier Inc. Chapters
• Release : 31 October 2013

DSC is a non-invasive experimental technique, which, besides other numerous applications, has been extensively applied in investigating the thermodynamic properties of synthetic and biological membranes. The calorimetric profiles of phase transitions of self-organized lipid membranes can provide valuable information about membrane interactions with biomolecules, pharmaceutical agents, other membranes, etc. The scope of this chapter is to review specific applications of DSC in studying membrane– nucleic acid interactions, which have attracted scientific attention for their biological relevance, as well as for

• Author : R. Pignatello
• Publisher : Elsevier Inc. Chapters
• Release : 31 October 2013

This chapter will summarize recent information on cell membranes. Their structure, functions and the role of the various components are discussed, considering both their physiological tasks, such as mechanisms of drug internalization into cells, as well as membrane changes associated with or caused by particular disease states. Later chapters will discuss the possibility of testing biomembrane models to study their interaction with drugs and biological compounds.

• Author : A. Wiśniewska-Becker,W.I. Gruszecki
• Publisher : Elsevier Inc. Chapters
• Release : 31 October 2013

Biological membranes consisting of two main components, lipids and proteins, have many important functions in cells. Membrane structure, physical and chemical properties of lipids and proteins, and interactions between them determine membrane functions such as the barrier separating a cell from its environment, selective transport, cell recognition, signalling and compartmentalization of cellular processes. To investigate membrane structure and dynamics, and the interactions between membrane components on a molecular level, simplified artificial models of biological membranes have been developed. Various biophysical

• Author : R. Pignatello
• Publisher : Elsevier Inc. Chapters
• Release : 31 October 2013

DSC studies of the interaction between drugs or other biologically active compounds with biomembrane models has often been associated or integrated with other analytical methodologies. The information gained from various techniques can depict the different and complex elements that compose such interactions. This chapter will summarize some recent examples of successfully combining DSC with other physico-chemical methods, such as spectroscopy, chromatography, calorimetry, the Langmuir–Blodgett film technique and microscopy.

• Author : C. Carbone,R. Pignatello
• Publisher : Elsevier Inc. Chapters
• Release : 31 October 2013

Interest in using DSC to study the interaction between different compounds and biomembrane models has increased in the last 20years. This is confirmed by the number of published research studies concerning the feasibility of investigating the behavior of different molecules, such as local anesthetics, anticancer drugs, anti-inflammatory drugs, antioxidants, antibiotics, peptides, proteins, polymers, surfactants, genetic materials, macromolecules, and also drug delivery systems (DDSs). This chapter provides a general consideration of the current applications of DSC in evaluating the interaction of

• Author : Rosario Pignatello
• Publisher : Elsevier
• Release : 31 October 2013

The design and development of drugs and new pharmaceutical formulations require a full characterization of the chemical and physicochemical events occurring at the level of the single active ingredients or excipients, as well as their reciprocal interaction. Thermal analysis techniques are among the most widely used methods to achieve this; among them, the Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) technique, in which the thermotropic behaviour of a single substance or mixtures is analyzed as a function of a controlled temperature program. DSC

• Author : T. Musumeci,G. Puglisi
• Publisher : Elsevier Inc. Chapters
• Release : 31 October 2013

Antimicrobial agents are from different classes of molecules that suppress multiplication and growth of or kill microorganisms such as bacteria, fungi, or viruses. The precise mechanism of action of some antimicrobial agents is unknown but they must interact with or cross the cell membrane to have an effect. Identification of the damage induced by these compounds is difficult due to the complexity of cell membranes. Studying interactions using membrane models is a first step in obtaining elementary information about the

• Author : C. Carbone,T. Musumeci,R. Pignatello
• Publisher : Elsevier Inc. Chapters
• Release : 31 October 2013

Several DSC studies have given a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms of interaction of many non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents (NSAIDs), such as indomethacin, ibuprofen, naproxen, nimesulide, ketoprofen and oxicam drugs with cell membranes or with simplified phospholipid-based biomembrane models. The consequent changes in the organization, fluidity and permeability of these membranes can, in some instances, be related to the pharmacological profile and toxicology of this drug class. The literature also attests the usefulness of DSC methods in studying the interaction

• Author : A. Raudino,M.G. Sarpietro,M. Pannuzzo
• Publisher : Elsevier Inc. Chapters
• Release : 31 October 2013

In this chapter we briefly introduce the main physical principles of DSC as well as related techniques. After a quick survey of the more common experimental techniques, we describe the thermodynamics and kinetics of events accompanying a heating/cooling process. We focus on lipid membranes of one or more components. Both the thermotropic and the barotropic behaviours are investigated, as well as the water/lipid ratio. The effect of foreign impurities (hydrophobic molecules, proteins) dissolved in the lipid matrix on

• Author : M.H. Chiu,N.S. Berezowski,E.J. Prenner
• Publisher : Elsevier Inc. Chapters
• Release : 31 October 2013

DSC is a straightforward, non-perturbing thermodynamic technique first developed in the early 1960s. The large number of parameters and the high sensitivity has made DSC one of the key calorimetric tools used for investigating thermodynamic properties of biopolymers, proteins, peptides and nucleic acids. There are numerous reviews covering the different macromolecular applications of DSC: this chapter will primarily focus on proteins and nucleic acids.

• Author : M. Grazia Sarpietro,F. Castelli
• Publisher : Elsevier Inc. Chapters
• Release : 31 October 2013

This chapter describes a method for evaluating the release of a drug by different delivery systems to biomembrane models made of multilamellar and unilamellar vesicles, using DSC techniques. First, different delivery systems as well as biomembrane models are described followed by a detailed description of the experimental protocols that are the basis of the technique. A drug-loaded delivery system is incubated with the biomembrane model and drug release is evaluated by considering the effect of the drug on the biomembrane’

• Author : Joachim K. Seydel,Michael Wiese
• Publisher : Wiley-VCH
• Release : 06 May 2002

Barrier, reservoir, target site - those are but some of the possible functions of biological lipid membranes in the complex interplay of drugs with the organism. A detailed knowledge of lipid membranes and of the various modes of drug-membrane interaction is therefore the prerequisite for a better understanding of drug action. Many of today's pharmaceuticals are amphiphilic or catamphiphilic, enabling them to interact with biological membranes. Crucial membrane properties are surveyed and techniques to elucidate drug-membrane interactions presented, including computer-aided

• Author : Joachim K. Seydel,Michael Wiese
• Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
• Release : 10 July 2009

Barrier, reservoir, target site - those are but some of the possible functions of biological lipid membranes in the complex interplay of drugs with the organism. A detailed knowledge of lipid membranes and of the various modes of drug-membrane interaction is therefore the prerequisite for a better understanding of drug action. Many of today's pharmaceuticals are amphiphilic or catamphiphilic, enabling them to interact with biological membranes. Crucial membrane properties are surveyed and techniques to elucidate drug-membrane interactions presented, including computer-aided

• Author : Fatma N. Kök,Ahu Arslan Yildiz,Fatih Inci
• Publisher : Springer
• Release : 16 April 2019

This book compiles the fundamentals, applications and viable product strategies of biomimetic lipid membranes into a single, comprehensive source. It broadens its perspective to interdisciplinary realms incorporating medicine, biology, physics, chemistry, materials science, as well as engineering and pharmacy at large. The book guides readers from membrane structure and models to biophysical chemistry and functionalization of membrane surfaces. It then takes the reader through a myriad of surface-sensitive techniques before delving into cutting-edge applications that could help inspire new research